Abstract Multiferroic materials, particularly rare-earth orthochromates (RECrO\(_3\)), have garnered significant interest due to their unique magnetic and electric-polar properties, making them promising candidates for multifunctional devices. Although extensive research has been conducted on their antiferromagnetic (AFM) transition temperature (N\(\acute{\mathrm{e}}\)el temperature, \(T_\mathrm{N}\)), ferroelectricity, and piezoelectricity, the effects of doping and substitution of rare-earth

Abstract The XY spin chain is a paradigmatic example of a model solved by free fermions, in which the energy eigenspectrum is built from combinations of quasi-energies. In this article, we show that by extending the XY model’s anisotropy parameter \(\lambda\) to complex values, it is possible for two of the quasi-energies to become degenerate. In the non-Hermitian XY model, these quasi-energy degeneracies give rise to exceptional points (EPs) where eigenvalues and their corresponding eigenvecto

Abstract Over the past four decades, quantum communication has evolved as a dynamic interdisciplinary field, advancing theoretical concepts and practical implementations. This article provides a concise overview focusing on recent progress in different aspects of secure quantum communication and quantum computation protocols, which can be applied to several real-world applications in quantum networks. These protocols guarantee unconditional security while enhancing communication rates and compu

Abstract Near-term quantum devices offer promising avenues for addressing the electronic structure problem in quantum chemistry, yet their limited qubits and susceptibility to noise constrain algorithmic scalability. Although the variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) has shown potential for small-scale systems, further improvements are necessary to handle large basis sets and large many-electron molecules efficiently. In this work, we introduce RO-VQE, an improved approach derived from the earl

Abstract In this work, we introduce an explicit P-wave to construct the diquarks \([qc]_{\widehat{V}}\), then construct the local four-quark currents to explore the hidden-charm tetraquark states with the \(J^{PC}=0^{++}\), \(1^{+-}\), and \(2^{++}\) in the framework of the QCD sum rules at length. Our calculations indicate that the light-flavor SU(3) breaking effects on the tetraquark masses are tiny. The predictions support assigning the X(4475) and X(4500) as the \([uc]_{\widehat{V}}[\overli

Abstract The variation of edge confinement modes such as L-mode, H-mode, QH-mode, and I-mode and transitions between these modes in toroidal devices is attributed to interplay between turbulent inflow plasmas from divertor and outflow plasmas from the edge in magnetic configuration with x-point. A concept of flow impedance is introduced to model edge confinement of plasmas in tokamak and stellarator. The core confinement improvement is largely due to effective core heating profile, and direct i

Abstract The Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) is the world’s first electron + heavy-ion collider, and also performs polarized electron + polarized proton and light ion collisions, that will be constructed at Brookhaven National Laboratory in the USA. It will explore new areas of quantum chromodynamics (QCD) and foster the richness of nuclear and hadron physics. The EIC program will produce many new and very extensive results in nuclear and hadron physics over the next few decades. As an internationa

The 2025 XPLORER prize in physics by Hui Hu The 2025 XPLORER PRIZE in Physics has been awarded to four exceptional young researchers: Tingxin LI (Shanghai Jiao Tong University), Xiongjun LIU (Peking University), Wentao WANG (Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences), and Jin ZHAO (University of Science and Technology of China). Launched in 2018, the XPLORER PRIZE is one of China’s most generous talent support initiatives for young scientists. It offers unrest

CosPA 2025 in Daejeon by Dong-Won Jung From July 7–11, 2025, the International Symposium on Cosmology and Particle Astrophysics (CosPA 2025) was held at the Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Science Culture Center in Daejeon, co-hosted by IBS Center for Theoretical Physics of the Universe – Center for the Geometry and Analysis of Spacetime (CTPU-CGA) and Korea Institute for Advanced Study (KIAS). CosPA is the annual Asia–Pacific meeting of the Asia Pacific Organization of Cosmology and Particle